เปรียบเทียบวิธี

	การจัดการน้ำท่า	การออกแบบบ่อบำบัดน้ำเสียประดิษฐ์
สาขาวิชา	วิศวกรรมสิ่งแวดล้อม	วิศวกรรมสิ่งแวดล้อม
ตระกูล	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
ปีกำเนิด	1980	1973
ผู้ริเริ่ม	Urban hydrologists and engineers	Seidel and Kickuth
ประเภท	design and simulation pipeline	integrated pipeline design
แหล่งต้นตำรับ	Urbonas, B., & Stahre, P. (1993). Stormwater Best Management Practices and Detention. Prentice Hall. ISBN: 978-0134445915	Kadlec, R. H., & Wallace, S. D. (2009). Treatment Wetlands (2nd ed.). CRC Press. ISBN: 978-1566706124
ชื่อเรียกอื่น	urban stormwater, runoff management, wet weather control, low-impact development	CW design, treatment wetlands, natural treatment systems, artificial wetlands
ที่เกี่ยวข้อง	3	5
สรุป	Stormwater management is the planning and engineering of urban water systems to control, treat, and utilize rainwater runoff from developed areas. Traditional approaches (pipes, detention basins) conveyed runoff rapidly to streams or treatment plants; modern green infrastructure approaches (permeable pavements, bioswales, retention ponds) reduce runoff volume through infiltration and reuse while improving water quality. Stormwater management integrates hydrologic modeling, water quality assessment, and infrastructure design to meet regulatory requirements and climate resilience goals.	Constructed wetland design is an environmental engineering approach that harnesses natural biological and chemical processes—microorganism metabolism, plant uptake, soil sorption, sedimentation—to treat wastewater, stormwater, and agricultural runoff. Developed systematically in the 1970s by German researchers Seidel and Kickuth, constructed wetlands operate with minimal energy input and create amenity and biodiversity co-benefits alongside treatment. The design process integrates hydrology, biogeochemistry, and landscape planning to optimize contaminant removal.