เปรียบเทียบวิธี
ดูวิธีที่เลือกเทียบกันแบบเคียงข้าง แถวที่ต่างกันจะถูกเน้นไว้
| Sport Anxiety Scale (SAS)× | แบบสอบถามความแข็งแกร่งทางจิตใจ (MTQ48)× | |
|---|---|---|
| สาขาวิชา | จิตวิทยาการกีฬา | จิตวิทยาการกีฬา |
| ตระกูล | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| ปีกำเนิด≠ | 1990 | 2002 |
| ผู้ริเริ่ม≠ | Ronald Smith, Frank Smoll, Robert Schutz | Peter Clough, Keith Earle, David Sewell |
| ประเภท≠ | Self-report sport-specific trait anxiety questionnaire | Self-report mental toughness and resilience questionnaire |
| แหล่งต้นตำรับ≠ | Smith, R. E., Smoll, F. L., & Schutz, R. W. (1990). Measurement and correlates of sport-specific cognitive and somatic trait anxiety: The Sport Anxiety Scale. Anxiety Research, 2(4), 263–280. DOI ↗ | Clough, P. J., Earle, K., & Sewell, D. (2002). Mental toughness: A definition and measured construct. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 14(3), 169–187. link ↗ |
| ชื่อเรียกอื่น | SAS, SAS-2, Sport-Specific Anxiety | MTQ48, Mental Toughness, 4Cs |
| ที่เกี่ยวข้อง | 4 | 4 |
| สรุป≠ | The SAS is a 15–21 item questionnaire measuring trait (dispositional) sport-specific anxiety—the tendency to experience worry and physiological arousal in sport-competitive contexts. Developed by Smith, Smoll, and Schutz in 1990, the SAS is the primary instrument for assessing individual differences in sport anxiety proneness and for predicting anxiety management needs across diverse athletic populations. | The MTQ48 is a 48-item instrument measuring mental toughness—the capacity to perform well under pressure, persist through adversity, maintain emotional control, and sustain commitment toward goals. Developed by Clough, Earle, and Sewell in 2002, the MTQ48 operationalizes mental toughness across four dimensions (the '4Cs': Control, Commitment, Challenge, and Confidence) and has become widely adopted in sport psychology, talent development, and organizational psychology for identifying and developing psychological resilience. |
| ScholarGateชุดข้อมูล ↗ |
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