เปรียบเทียบวิธี

	การสร้างแบบจำลองภูมิประเทศความเสี่ยง	การวิเคราะห์ความเชื่อมโยงอาชญากรรม
สาขาวิชา	นิติเวชศาสตร์	นิติเวชศาสตร์
ตระกูล	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
ปีกำเนิด	2011	2002
ผู้ริเริ่ม	Joel Caplan	Craig Bennell
ประเภท	Geographic information systems and crime science method	Crime science and offender profiling method
แหล่งต้นตำรับ	Caplan, J. M., Kennedy, L. W., & Miller, J. (2011). Risk terrain modeling: Brokering criminological theory and GIS methods for crime forecasting. Journal of Research and Practice in Criminal Justice, 17(1), 56-69.	Bennell, C., Canter, D. V., & Alison, L. J. (2002). Linking commercial burglaries by modus operandi: Tests using regression and ROC analysis. Science and Justice, 42(3), 153-164.
ชื่อเรียกอื่น	environmental criminology, RTM analysis, crime risk mapping	case linkage, offender linking, serial crime attribution
ที่เกี่ยวข้อง	3	3
สรุป	Risk Terrain Modeling (RTM) is a geospatial crime prediction method that identifies high-risk locations by analyzing environmental and geographic features that attract or facilitate crime. Developed by Joel Caplan, Lichen Kennedy, and James Miller in 2011, RTM bridges environmental criminology theory with geographic information systems (GIS) to create predictive risk maps. Unlike methods that predict offender location (e.g., geographic profiling), RTM predicts where crimes are likely to occur based on terrain characteristics, infrastructure, and social environmental factors.	Crime linkage analysis is a forensic method that determines whether a series of crimes were committed by the same offender based on behavioral and modus operandi (MO) similarities. Developed systematically by Craig Bennell and colleagues in the early 2000s, crime linkage applies statistical and similarity-matching techniques to establish offender attribution. The method is essential in serial crime investigation, where establishing linkage enables consolidation of investigation resources, geographic profiling, and offender-focused surveillance.