เปรียบเทียบวิธี

	การวิจัยแบบกลุ่มตัวอย่างต่อเนื่องที่ใช้แบบสอบถามซ้ำ	การวิจัยเชิงสำรวจตามช่วงเวลา	การวิจัยสำรวจ
สาขาวิชา	การออกแบบการวิจัย	การออกแบบการวิจัย	การออกแบบการวิจัย
ตระกูล	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
ปีกำเนิด	Mid-20th century (formalized ~1950s–1970s)	Late 19th–early 20th century; methodologically codified through the 20th century	Late 19th century; methodologically systematised 1940s–1960s
ผู้ริเริ่ม	Developed through convergence of epidemiological cohort methodology and social science panel survey traditions	No single originator; foundational methodological treatments by Stuart Menard and Judith Singer & John Willett	Francis Galton, Charles Booth, and early social statisticians; systematised by Paul Lazarsfeld and colleagues at Columbia in the 1940s
ประเภท	Quantitative longitudinal observational design	Quantitative (or mixed) observational research design	Quantitative (and mixed) non-experimental design
แหล่งต้นตำรับ	Hsiao, C. (2014). Analysis of Panel Data (3rd ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-1107038691	Menard, S. (2002). Longitudinal Research (2nd ed.). Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-0761922841	Fowler, F. J. (2014). Survey Research Methods (5th ed.). Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-1452259000
ชื่อเรียกอื่น	panel cohort study, longitudinal panel cohort, cohort panel design, panel longitudinal study	longitudinal study, longitudinal design, prospective longitudinal study, repeated-measures observational study	survey methodology, questionnaire research, survey design, survey study
ที่เกี่ยวข้อง	3	4	4
สรุป	Panel-based cohort research is a longitudinal observational design that follows a defined group of individuals — the cohort — across multiple repeated measurement waves, collecting structured quantitative data at each wave. It merges the epidemiological strength of cohort tracking (a group sharing a common characteristic or entry point) with the panel study convention of standardized, repeated-contact data collection. The design enables analysis of change over time within individuals while supporting causal inference about exposure-outcome relationships.	Longitudinal research is an observational design in which the same participants, groups, or units are measured repeatedly over an extended period. Rather than capturing a single snapshot, it tracks change, stability, and temporal sequencing of variables — making it the primary non-experimental strategy for studying development, growth, decline, and the unfolding of causal processes across time.	Survey research is a quantitative (and sometimes mixed-methods) design in which a researcher collects standardised self-report data from a sample drawn from a defined population, using a questionnaire or structured interview. It is the dominant non-experimental strategy for describing population characteristics, estimating prevalence, mapping attitude distributions, and testing bivariate or multivariate associations across social, behavioural, and health sciences.