เปรียบเทียบวิธี
ดูวิธีที่เลือกเทียบกันแบบเคียงข้าง แถวที่ต่างกันจะถูกเน้นไว้
| การวิจัยเชิงเปรียบเทียบเชิงสาเหตุแบบฐานข้อมูลพาเนล× | การศึกษาแบบกลุ่ม (Cohort Study)× | |
|---|---|---|
| สาขาวิชา≠ | การออกแบบการวิจัย | ระบาดวิทยา |
| ตระกูล | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| ปีกำเนิด≠ | 1950s–1980s (formalized across educational and social science methodology literature) | Mid-20th century (formal epidemiological design codified ~1950s) |
| ผู้ริเริ่ม≠ | Building on causal-comparative tradition (John W. Best, 1959) extended to panel data structures in social and educational research | Doll & Hill (British Doctors Study, 1951); Snow (cholera, 1854) |
| ประเภท≠ | Quantitative observational research design | Observational longitudinal study design |
| แหล่งต้นตำรับ≠ | Fraenkel, J. R., Wallen, N. E., & Hyun, H. H. (2019). How to Design and Evaluate Research in Education (10th ed.). McGraw-Hill. ISBN: 978-1260087840 | Rothman, K. J., Greenland, S., & Lash, T. L. (2008). Modern Epidemiology (3rd ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN: 978-0781755641 |
| ชื่อเรียกอื่น | panel causal-comparative design, longitudinal ex post facto research, panel ex post facto study, repeated-measures causal-comparative study | longitudinal study, follow-up study, panel study, incidence study |
| ที่เกี่ยวข้อง≠ | 5 | 6 |
| สรุป≠ | Panel-based causal-comparative research is a quantitative observational design that tracks the same sample of participants or units across multiple time points and then compares pre-existing groups to identify differences in outcomes. By combining the temporal depth of a panel structure with the group-contrast logic of causal-comparative (ex post facto) methodology, it allows researchers to examine how naturally occurring conditions — such as treatment exposure, policy changes, or demographic characteristics — relate to outcomes over time, without experimental random assignment. | A cohort study assembles a group of individuals who share a common starting point — typically freedom from the outcome of interest — and follows them over time to observe who develops the outcome. By comparing incidence rates between exposed and unexposed subgroups, researchers can estimate relative risk and absolute risk differences. Cohort studies are the gold-standard observational design for measuring disease incidence and establishing temporal relationships between exposure and outcome. |
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