เปรียบเทียบวิธี

	Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS)	มาตรวัดภาวะซึมเศร้าของศูนย์ระบาดวิทยา (CES-D)
สาขาวิชา	จิตวิทยาคลินิก	จิตวิทยาคลินิก
ตระกูล	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
ปีกำเนิด	1988	1977
ผู้ริเริ่ม	David Watson, Lee Anna Clark, and Auke Tellegen	Lenore Sawyer Radloff
ประเภท	Mood and affect self-assessment	Community-based depression assessment
แหล่งต้นตำรับ	Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54(6), 1063-1070.	Radloff, L. S. (1977). The CES-D scale: A self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Applied Psychological Measurement, 1(3), 385-401.
ชื่อเรียกอื่น	PANAS, PANAS-X	CES-D, CESD
ที่เกี่ยวข้อง	5	5
สรุป	The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) is a brief, efficient self-report measure of mood and emotional affect. Developed by Watson, Clark, and Tellegen in 1988, it assesses two independent dimensions: positive affect (enthusiasm, attentiveness, interest) and negative affect (distress, anxiety, anger). The 20-item standard version is one of the most widely used instruments for measuring emotion in research and clinical contexts.	The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) is a 20-item self-report instrument for measuring depressive symptoms in the general population. Developed by Lenore Radloff in 1977, the CES-D was designed for epidemiological research to rapidly identify depression in community samples. It remains a widely used measure in public health, aging research, and longitudinal cohort studies worldwide.