เปรียบเทียบวิธี

	Iowa-Netherlands Social Comparison Orientation Scale	มาตรวัดการเปรียบเทียบทางสังคม (บริบทออนไลน์)
สาขาวิชา	จิตวิทยาสื่อสังคม	จิตวิทยาสื่อสังคม
ตระกูล	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
ปีกำเนิด	1999	2015
ผู้ริเริ่ม	Frederick X. Gibbons and Bram P. Buunk	Various researchers (Vogel, Wang, Suls & Wheeler)
ประเภท	Self-report	Self-report
แหล่งต้นตำรับ	Gibbons, F. X., & Buunk, B. P. (1999). Individual differences in social comparison: Development of a scale of social comparison orientation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 76(1), 129–142.	Wang, J. L., Wang, H. Z., Gaskin, J., & Wang, S. (2015). The role of stress and motivation in social networking sites adoption: From a perspective of uses and gratifications theory. Computers in Human Behavior, 48, 24–32.
ชื่อเรียกอื่น	INCOM, Gibbons-Buunk	USCS, Social Comparison Orientation Online
ที่เกี่ยวข้อง	4	4
สรุป	The Iowa-Netherlands Comparison Orientation Measure (INCOM) is an 11-item self-report scale that assesses individual differences in the tendency to engage in social comparison—comparing oneself to others on abilities, attributes, and outcomes. Developed by Gibbons and Buunk in 1999, it captures both upward comparison (to those perceived as superior) and downward comparison (to those perceived as inferior), providing a trait-like measure of this fundamental social motivation.	The Social Comparison Scale for online contexts measures the frequency and intensity with which individuals compare themselves to peers on social media platforms, with emphasis on upward comparison (to those perceived as superior in attractiveness, success, wealth). Developed and refined by researchers including Vogel and Wang in the 2010s, this scale specifically captures social media-driven comparison processes distinct from general social comparison orientation.