เปรียบเทียบวิธี

	การวิเคราะห์การทำงานร่วมกันของกล้ามเนื้อ	การวิเคราะห์การเดินด้วย DTW	EMG Envelope
สาขาวิชา	ชีวกลศาสตร์	ชีวกลศาสตร์	ชีวกลศาสตร์
ตระกูล	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
ปีกำเนิด	1999	1978	1999
ผู้ริเริ่ม	Marc Tresch	Sakoe and Chiba	Roberto Merletti
ประเภท	Dimensionality reduction and pattern extraction	Sequence alignment and pattern matching	Digital signal processing pipeline
แหล่งต้นตำรับ	Tresch, M. C., Saltiel, P., Bizzi, E., & Bizzi, E. (1999). The construction of movement by the spinal cord. Nature Neuroscience, 2(2), 162-167.	Sakoe, H., & Chiba, S. (1978). Dynamic programming algorithm optimization for spoken word recognition. IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 26(1), 43-49.	Phinyomark, A., Quaine, F., Charbonnier, S., & Serviere, C. (2012). Robust EMG feature extraction in the whitespace. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 59(5), 1505-1517.
ชื่อเรียกอื่น	Motor synergy, Synergy extraction, Motor primitives	DTW, Gait pattern matching, Temporal gait comparison	EMG linear envelope, RMS envelope, Activation envelope
ที่เกี่ยวข้อง	3	3	3
สรุป	Muscle synergy analysis decomposes complex motor behavior into a small set of coactivated muscle groups (synergies or motor primitives). Pioneered by Marc Tresch and colleagues studying frog motor control, this approach reveals how the nervous system simplifies the control of many muscles by organizing them into task-relevant combinations.	Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) is a sequence alignment algorithm that measures similarity between time series of different lengths by allowing flexible temporal matching. Applied to gait analysis, DTW enables comparison of walking patterns across subjects and conditions despite variations in cadence or stride length.	Electromyography (EMG) envelope analysis extracts the amplitude modulation of muscle electrical activity to quantify muscle activation over time. By filtering and demodulating the raw EMG signal, practitioners obtain a smoothed activation profile that reflects when and how intensely a muscle is contracting during movement or fatigue.