เปรียบเทียบวิธี

	การประมวลผลภาษาธรรมชาติแบบหลายรูปแบบ	กลไกการใส่ใจ (Attention Mechanism)
สาขาวิชา	การทำเหมืองข้อความ	การเรียนรู้เชิงลึก
ตระกูล	Process / pipeline	Machine learning
ปีกำเนิด	2021 (modern era, CLIP onward)	2015
ผู้ริเริ่ม	Radford et al. (OpenAI) — CLIP, 2021; Li et al. — BLIP-2, 2023	Bahdanau, D.; Luong, M.T.
ประเภท	Cross-modal understanding and generation pipeline	Neural attention layer (encoder-decoder)
แหล่งต้นตำรับ	Radford, A., Kim, J.W., Hallacy, C., Ramesh, A., Goh, G., Agarwal, S., Sastry, G., Askell, A., Mishkin, P., Clark, J., Krueger, G., & Sutskever, I. (2021). Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervision. Proceedings of the 38th International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML), 8748–8763.	Bahdanau, D., Cho, K. & Bengio, Y. (2015). Neural Machine Translation by Jointly Learning to Align and Translate. ICLR.
ชื่อเรียกอื่น	Çok Kipli NLP (Multimodal NLP), vision-language models, multimodal learning	Dikkat Mekanizması (Bahdanau / Luong Attention), dikkat mekanizmasi, neural attention, additive attention
ที่เกี่ยวข้อง	4	5
สรุป	Multimodal NLP is a family of natural-language-processing pipelines that combine text with one or more additional data modalities — most commonly images, but also audio and video — to perform understanding and generation tasks such as visual question answering, image captioning, and multimodal sentiment recognition. The field gained its modern form with CLIP (Radford et al., 2021) and has since advanced through architectures such as BLIP-2 (Li et al., 2023) that bridge frozen image encoders and large language models.	The attention mechanism, introduced by Bahdanau, Cho and Bengio in 2015 and refined by Luong, Pham and Manning the same year, lets a sequence decoder dynamically learn which of the encoder's outputs to focus on at each step. Before the Transformer, it substantially improved machine-translation quality by freeing models from compressing an entire input into a single fixed vector.