เปรียบเทียบวิธี

	หม้อแปลงหลายภาษา	การจำแนกประเภทโดยใช้ RoBERTa
สาขาวิชา	การเรียนรู้เชิงลึก	การเรียนรู้เชิงลึก
ตระกูล	Machine learning	Machine learning
ปีกำเนิด	2019–2020	2019
ผู้ริเริ่ม	Devlin et al. (mBERT); Conneau et al. (XLM-R)	Liu, Y. et al. (Facebook AI Research / University of Washington)
ประเภท	Pre-trained cross-lingual language model	Pre-trained transformer fine-tuned for sequence classification
แหล่งต้นตำรับ	Devlin, J., Chang, M.-W., Lee, K., & Toutanova, K. (2019). BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding. Proceedings of NAACL-HLT 2019, pp. 4171–4186. Association for Computational Linguistics.	Liu, Y., Ott, M., Goyal, N., Du, J., Joshi, M., Chen, D., Levy, O., Lewis, M., Zettlemoyer, L., & Stoyanov, V. (2019). RoBERTa: A Robustly Optimized BERT Pretraining Approach. arXiv preprint arXiv:1907.11692.
ชื่อเรียกอื่น	multilingual LM, cross-lingual transformer, mBERT-style model, multilingual pre-trained model	RoBERTa classifier, RoBERTa text classification, Robustly Optimized BERT Classification, RoBERTa fine-tuning for classification
ที่เกี่ยวข้อง	4	5
สรุป	A multilingual transformer is a pre-trained language model built on the transformer architecture and trained jointly on text from dozens to over one hundred languages. Models such as mBERT and XLM-RoBERTa learn shared cross-lingual representations, enabling zero-shot or few-shot transfer: a model fine-tuned on English data can often be applied directly to French, German, Arabic, or Chinese without language-specific labels.	RoBERTa-based Classification applies the RoBERTa pre-trained transformer — trained more robustly than BERT with dynamic masking and larger batches — to text categorisation tasks by adding a lightweight classification head on top of the [CLS] token representation and fine-tuning the entire model on labelled examples. It consistently matches or outperforms BERT on standard NLP benchmarks.