เปรียบเทียบวิธี

	การศึกษาความสัมพันธ์ทั่วทั้งจีโนมของเอพิเจเนติกส์แบบหลายโอมิกส์	การวิเคราะห์ความอุดมสมบูรณ์ของวิถีชีวภาพ
สาขาวิชา	ชีวสารสนเทศศาสตร์	ชีวสารสนเทศศาสตร์
ตระกูล	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
ปีกำเนิด	2011 (EWAS foundation); multi-omics integration ~2015–2020	2003–2005
ผู้ริเริ่ม	Rakyan, Down, Balding & Beck (EWAS framework); multi-omics integration extended by multiple groups (~2015–2020)	Mootha et al. (2003); systematised by Subramanian et al. (2005)
ประเภท	Integrative association study	Statistical functional annotation method
แหล่งต้นตำรับ	Rakyan, V. K., Down, T. A., Balding, D. J., & Beck, S. (2011). Epigenome-wide association studies for common human diseases. Nature Reviews Genetics, 12(8), 529–541.	Subramanian, A., Tamayo, P., Mootha, V. K., Mukherjee, S., Ebert, B. L., Gillette, M. A., Paulovich, A., Pomeroy, S. L., Golub, T. R., Lander, E. S., & Mesirov, J. P. (2005). Gene set enrichment analysis: A knowledge-based approach for interpreting genome-wide expression profiles. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 102(43), 15545–15550.
ชื่อเรียกอื่น	multi-omics EWAS, integrative EWAS, multi-layer epigenome-wide association, multi-omics epigenomic integration	PEA, overrepresentation analysis, ORA, functional enrichment analysis
ที่เกี่ยวข้อง	4	6
สรุป	A multi-omics epigenome-wide association study (multi-omics EWAS) systematically scans the entire epigenome — typically DNA methylation at CpG sites — for associations with a phenotype of interest, then integrates findings across additional omics layers such as transcriptomics, genomics, proteomics, or metabolomics. By linking epigenetic variation to molecular changes at multiple biological levels simultaneously, this approach identifies regulatory mechanisms and biomarkers that single-omics EWAS cannot resolve.	Pathway enrichment analysis (PEA) is a statistical approach that takes a list of genes or proteins of interest — typically derived from a differential expression or proteomics experiment — and identifies which pre-defined biological pathways or functional gene sets are represented more often than expected by chance. By mapping individual molecular changes onto curated pathway knowledge bases such as KEGG, Gene Ontology, or Reactome, PEA translates long gene lists into interpretable biological processes, making it a central tool in the post-analysis of high-throughput omics experiments.