เปรียบเทียบวิธี

	การวิเคราะห์การส่งผ่าน	Multilevel Modeling
สาขาวิชา	สถิติศาสตร์	สถิติการวิจัย
ตระกูล	Hypothesis test	Process / pipeline
ปีกำเนิด	1986	1992
ผู้ริเริ่ม	Baron & Kenny	Anthony Bryk and Stephen Raudenbush
ประเภท	Indirect effects / path test	Method
แหล่งต้นตำรับ	Baron, R. M. & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173–1182.	Bryk, A. S., & Raudenbush, S. W. (1992). Hierarchical Linear Models: Applications and Data Analysis Methods. SAGE Publications.
ชื่อเรียกอื่น	indirect effects analysis, path-based mediation, PROCESS macro mediation, Aracılık Analizi (Mediation / PROCESS)	HLM, mixed-effects models, random effects models, MLM
ที่เกี่ยวข้อง	5	3
สรุป	Mediation analysis is a statistical procedure that tests whether the effect of an independent variable X on an outcome Y operates wholly or partly through a third variable M, called the mediator. Formalised by Baron and Kenny in 1986, it decomposes the total effect of X on Y into a direct path (c′) and an indirect path (a × b), quantifying how much of the relationship is carried by the mediating mechanism.	Multilevel modeling (also called hierarchical linear modeling, mixed-effects modeling) is a statistical framework for analyzing data organized in nested or clustered structures—students within schools, patients within hospitals, repeated measures within individuals. Developed by Bryk and Raudenbush (1992), it accounts for dependency among observations and partitions variance into levels (within-cluster and between-cluster), enabling valid inference and revealing context effects. Essential in education, medicine, organizational research, and any field where data have natural hierarchies.