เปรียบเทียบวิธี

	ขนาดอิทธิพล	What Works Clearinghouse Standards
สาขาวิชา	สถิติการวิจัย	Education
ตระกูล	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
ปีกำเนิด	1988	2022
ผู้ริเริ่ม	Jacob Cohen	Institute of Education Sciences (IES), U.S. Department of Education
ประเภท	Concept	Standards and procedures for assessing the causal credibility of education studies
แหล่งต้นตำรับ	Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences (2nd ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. ISBN: 0-8058-0283-5	What Works Clearinghouse. (2022). What Works Clearinghouse Procedures and Standards Handbook, Version 5.0. Institute of Education Sciences, U.S. Department of Education.
ชื่อเรียกอื่น	ES, Cohen's d, standardized effect, practical significance	WWC Standards, WWC Evidence Standards, What Works Clearinghouse Review, WWC Study Rating
ที่เกี่ยวข้อง	4	3
สรุป	Effect size quantifies the magnitude of a research finding independent of sample size. While a p-value tells you whether a result is statistically significant, an effect size tells you how big the result is. Jacob Cohen formalized effect size measurement in behavioral sciences (1988), establishing standard benchmarks (small = 0.2, medium = 0.5, large = 0.8 for Cohen's d). Effect sizes are essential for meta-analysis, power analysis, and communicating the practical importance of research findings.	The What Works Clearinghouse (WWC) standards are the protocol the U.S. Institute of Education Sciences uses to judge how much confidence an education study's findings deserve as causal evidence. They specify which designs can support causal claims, how to screen for threats such as attrition and confounding, and how to rate each study — Meets Standards Without Reservations, With Reservations, or Does Not Meet Standards — before synthesizing the body of evidence. The standards are a cornerstone of evidence-based education policy in the United States.