เปรียบเทียบวิธี

	ปริมาณการสั่งซื้อทางเศรษฐศาสตร์ (EOQ)	การวิเคราะห์ ABC: การจำแนกประเภทสินค้าคงคลังตามมูลค่าการใช้งานต่อปี	แบบจำลองสินค้าคงคลังสำรองและจุดสั่งซื้อซ้ำ
สาขาวิชา	การวิจัยดำเนินงาน	การวิจัยดำเนินงาน	การวิจัยดำเนินงาน
ตระกูล	Regression model	Process / pipeline	Regression model
ปีกำเนิด	1913	1998	1998
ผู้ริเริ่ม	Ford W. Harris	Pareto principle; Silver, Pyke & Peterson	Silver, Pyke & Peterson
ประเภท	Deterministic inventory optimization model	Inventory segmentation technique	Stochastic inventory control model
แหล่งต้นตำรับ	Harris, F. W. (1913/1990). How many parts to make at once. Operations Research, 38(6), 947–950 (reprint).	Silver, E. A., Pyke, D. F., & Peterson, R. (1998). Inventory Management and Production Planning and Scheduling (3rd ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-0-471-11947-0	Silver, E. A., Pyke, D. F., & Peterson, R. (1998). Inventory Management and Production Planning and Scheduling (3rd ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-0-471-11947-0
ชื่อเรียกอื่น	Wilson EOQ Model, Harris-Wilson Model, Optimal Lot Size Model, Ekonomik Sipariş Miktarı	Pareto Inventory Classification, 80-20 Inventory Rule, ABC Classification, ABC Stok Analizi	Buffer Stock, Reserve Stock, Reorder-Point Model, Emniyet Stoğu
ที่เกี่ยวข้อง	3	2	3
สรุป	The Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) is a classic deterministic inventory model that identifies the order quantity minimizing the sum of annual ordering and holding costs. Introduced by Ford W. Harris in 1913 and later popularized by R. H. Wilson, EOQ assumes constant demand, fixed cost parameters, and instantaneous replenishment. It remains the foundational benchmark for inventory management in manufacturing, retail, and supply chain contexts where demand is relatively stable and costs are well-characterized.	ABC Analysis is a demand-value segmentation technique that divides inventory items into three classes — A, B, and C — based on their annual usage value (unit cost multiplied by annual demand). Rooted in the Pareto principle and codified for inventory management by Silver, Pyke, and Peterson (1998), it guides managers to concentrate control resources on the small fraction of items that drive the vast majority of total inventory spend.	Safety stock is an additional quantity of inventory held beyond expected demand during a replenishment lead time, designed to protect against stockouts caused by demand or supply uncertainty. Reorder-point models formalize this buffer by setting a trigger inventory level at which a new order is placed. Systematically developed within the stochastic inventory-control framework by Silver, Pyke, and Peterson (1998), the approach translates a desired customer-service level into a precise buffer quantity using the statistics of demand and lead-time variability.