เปรียบเทียบวิธี

	Distance Sampling	การวิเคราะห์โครงสร้างใยอาหาร	การวิเคราะห์ความอยู่รอดของประชากร
สาขาวิชา	นิเวศวิทยา	นิเวศวิทยา	นิเวศวิทยา
ตระกูล	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
ปีกำเนิด	1993	2000	1981
ผู้ริเริ่ม	Stephen Buckland	Richard Williams and Neo Martinez	Mark Shaffer
ประเภท	population abundance estimation	ecological network characterization	extinction risk assessment
แหล่งต้นตำรับ	Buckland, S. T., Anderson, D. R., Burnham, K. P., Laake, J. L., Borchers, D. L., & Thomas, L. (1993). Distance Sampling: Estimating Abundance of Biological Populations. Chapman and Hall, London.	Dunne, J. A., Williams, R. J., & Martinez, N. D. (2002). Network structure and robustness of marine food webs. The American Naturalist, 160(1), 117-129.	Shaffer, M. L. (1981). Minimum population sizes for species conservation. BioScience, 31(2), 131-134.
ชื่อเรียกอื่น	line transect, point transect, distance estimation, detection probability	food web structure, network topology, trophic network, food chain analysis	PVA, extinction risk, minimum viable population, MVP
ที่เกี่ยวข้อง	4	4	4
สรุป	Distance sampling is a statistical method for estimating population abundance from data on distances between observers and detected individuals. Developed by Buckland and colleagues (1993) and formalized in the software Distance, this approach accounts for imperfect detection: animals far from an observer are less likely to be detected. By modeling the detection function (probability of detecting an animal at various distances), distance sampling produces unbiased estimates of abundance and density even when detection is incomplete.	Food web topology analysis characterizes the structure of predator-prey interactions within ecological communities using network metrics. Pioneered by Williams and Martinez (2000) and extended by Dunne and colleagues (2002), this approach maps which species eat which and quantifies network properties (connectivity, clustering, robustness). Understanding food web structure reveals how ecosystems are organized, how stable they are to species loss, and what roles different species play in ecosystem function.	Population Viability Analysis (PVA), introduced by Shaffer (1981), estimates the probability that a population will persist over a given time period under specified conditions. PVA combines demographic models (Leslie matrices, IPMs) with stochastic simulation to project population trajectories, quantifying extinction risk. This allows conservation planners to assess whether a population will likely persist, evaluate management scenarios, and estimate the minimum viable population (MVP) size for long-term persistence. PVA is a decision-support tool, not a precise predictor.