Percentage of Nonoverlapping Data
The Percentage of Nonoverlapping Data (PND) is a simple effect-size index for single-case research that summarizes how strongly a treatment phase departs from baseline by counting the share of treatment data points that lie beyond the most extreme baseline point. Introduced by Thomas Scruggs, Margo Mastropieri, and Glendon Casto in 1987 to allow quantitative synthesis of single-subject studies, it produces a single 0–100% number that complements visual analysis and can be aggregated across cases in a meta-analysis of single-case designs.
Soma mbinu kamili
Ingia kwa akaunti ya bure ili kusoma sehemu hii.
Ramani ya mbinu
Jirani ya mbinu zinazohusiana — chagua nodi ili kuchunguza.
Vyanzo
- Scruggs, T. E., Mastropieri, M. A., & Casto, G. (1987). The quantitative synthesis of single-subject research: Methodology and validation. Remedial and Special Education, 8(2), 24–33. DOI: 10.1177/074193258700800206 ↗
- Parker, R. I., Vannest, K. J., & Davis, J. L. (2011). Effect size in single-case research: A review of nine nonoverlap techniques. Behavior Modification, 35(4), 303–322. DOI: 10.1177/0145445511399147 ↗
Jinsi ya kunukuu ukurasa huu
ScholarGate. (2026, June 22). Percentage of Nonoverlapping Data for Single-Case Effect Estimation. ScholarGate. https://scholargate.app/sw/social-work/percentage-nonoverlapping-data
Mbinu ipi?
Weka mbinu hii kando ya jamaa zake wa karibu na uzisome bega kwa bega — maktaba huweka vitabu mezani; uamuzi ni wako.
- Nonoverlap of All PairsSocial Work↔ linganisha
- Single-System DesignSocial Work↔ linganisha
- Tau-USocial Work↔ linganisha
- Visual Analysis of Single-Case DataSocial Work↔ linganisha
Imerejelewa na
Mbinu zinazofanana
Umeona tatizo kwenye ukurasa huu? Ripoti au pendekeza marekebisho →