Serikali za Majimbo na Mitaa • Mahusiano ya Kati ya Serikali

Serikali za majimbo na mitaa pamoja na mahusiano ya kati ya serikali (JEL H7) vinashughulikia fedha za umma za ngazi za chini ya serikali kuu na shirikisho la kifedha (fiscal federalism).

Scope

Inajumuisha shirikisho la kifedha, ruzuku za kati ya serikali, ushuru wa mitaa, na ushindani wa kodi baina ya maeneo.

Sub-topics

• General
• State and Local Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue
• State and Local Budget and Expenditures
• Interjurisdictional Differentials and Their Effects
• State and Local Borrowing
• State and Local Government: Health • Education • Welfare • Public Pensions
• State and Local Government: Other Expenditure Categories
• Intergovernmental Relations • Federalism • Secession
• Other

Core questions

• Majukumu ya kibajeti yanapaswa kugawanywaje kati ya ngazi mbalimbali za serikali?
• Uhamisho wa fedha kati ya serikali hufanya kazije?
• Ushindani wa kodi huathirije maeneo ya mitaa?

Key concepts

• Shirikisho la kifedha (fiscal federalism)
• Ruzuku za kati ya serikali (intergovernmental grants)
• Ushuru wa mitaa
• Ushindani wa kodi
• Ugatuzi (decentralization)

Frequently asked questions

Shirikisho la kifedha ni nini?

Utafiti wa jinsi kazi za ukusanyaji kodi, matumizi, na udhibiti unavyogawanywa kati ya ngazi mbalimbali za serikali.