Human Development Index
The Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite summary measure of average achievement in three basic dimensions of human development: a long and healthy life, knowledge, and a decent standard of living. Conceived by Mahbub ul Haq with Amartya Sen and first published in the UNDP Human Development Report of 1990, it was designed as a deliberate alternative to GNI per capita, asserting that people and their capabilities — not economic growth alone — are the ultimate criterion for assessing the development of a country. Each dimension is reduced to a normalized index between zero and one, and the three are combined by a geometric mean.
Soma mbinu kamili
Ingia kwa akaunti ya bure ili kusoma sehemu hii.
Ramani ya mbinu
Jirani ya mbinu zinazohusiana — chagua nodi ili kuchunguza.
Vyanzo
- UNDP (2022). Human Development Report 2021-22, Technical Notes. United Nations Development Programme, Human Development Report Office, New York. link ↗
- Anand, S., & Sen, A. (1994). Human Development Index: Methodology and Measurement. Human Development Report Office Occasional Paper. UNDP, New York. link ↗
Jinsi ya kunukuu ukurasa huu
ScholarGate. (2026, June 22). Human Development Index (HDI). ScholarGate. https://scholargate.app/sw/development-studies/human-development-index
Mbinu ipi?
Weka mbinu hii kando ya jamaa zake wa karibu na uzisome bega kwa bega — maktaba huweka vitabu mezani; uamuzi ni wako.
- Capability Approach MeasurementDevelopment Studies↔ linganisha
- Gender Analysis in DevelopmentDevelopment Studies↔ linganisha
- Inequality-adjusted HDIDevelopment Studies↔ linganisha
- Multidimensional Poverty IndexUchumi↔ linganisha
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