Linganisha mbinu

	Uchambuzi wa Kesi wa Kawaida	Sampuli Iliyowekwa Ngazi
Nyanja	Metodolojia ya Dodoso	Metodolojia ya Dodoso
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	1980s (systematized in Patton 1990/2002)	1977
Mwanzilishi	Michael Quinn Patton	William G. Cochran
Aina	Purposive qualitative sampling strategy	Probability-based survey sampling design
Chanzo asilia	Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative Research and Evaluation Methods (3rd ed.). Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-0761919711	Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-0-471-16240-7
Majina mbadala	typical case selection, modal case sampling, representative case sampling, average case sampling	Proportional Stratified Sampling, Optimal Allocation Sampling, Stratum-Based Sampling, Tabakalı Örnekleme
Zinazohusiana	5	2
Muhtasari	Typical case sampling is a purposive strategy in which the researcher deliberately selects cases that represent what is ordinary, normal, or most common within a target group. Rather than seeking outliers or the widest possible variation, the goal is to illustrate and communicate what a typical experience, program, or phenomenon looks like to stakeholders or audiences unfamiliar with it. The strategy is widely used in qualitative evaluation research and program reporting.	Stratified sampling is a probability sampling design in which the target population is partitioned into non-overlapping, exhaustive subgroups called strata, and independent probability samples are drawn within each stratum. Formalized by William G. Cochran in Sampling Techniques (1977), the method exploits known population structure to reduce variance and guarantee representativeness of all major subgroups, making it a cornerstone of large-scale survey research and official statistics.