Linganisha mbinu

	Usimamizi wa Miamala	Udhibiti wa Ushirikiano
Nyanja	Mifumo ya Taarifa	Mifumo ya Taarifa
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	1981	1978
Mwanzilishi	Jim Gray and others (IBM)	Jim Gray and David Reed
Aina	Database reliability mechanism	Database coordination mechanism
Chanzo asilia	Gray, J. (1981). The transaction concept: Virtues and limitations. VLDB Endowment, 7(6), 519-539.	Gray, J. (1981). The transaction concept: Virtues and limitations. VLDB Endowment, 7(6), 519-539.
Majina mbadala	ACID transactions, transaction control	locking, MVCC
Zinazohusiana	1	1
Muhtasari	Transaction management is the mechanism by which database systems ensure reliable execution of multiple interdependent operations as atomic units. Formalized by Jim Gray and colleagues in the 1980s, transactions guarantee ACID properties (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability) that protect data integrity even in the face of failures and concurrent access.	Concurrency control is the set of mechanisms used to coordinate concurrent transactions accessing shared data without corrupting the database. Formalized by database theorists in the 1970s-1980s, concurrency control ensures that multiple simultaneous transactions produce the same result as if they executed sequentially (serializability).