Linganisha mbinu

	Kijaruba cha Vipimo vinavyobadilika kwa Wakati cha ARDL	Kipimo cha Vikomo vya ARDL (Kipimo cha Vikomo cha Pesaran)
Nyanja	Ekonometriki	Ekonometriki
Familia	Regression model	Regression model
Mwaka wa asili	2010s	2001
Mwanzilishi	Extension of Pesaran, Shin & Smith (2001); TVP variant developed in applied time-series literature ca. 2010s	Pesaran, Shin & Smith
Aina	Cointegration / bounds test with time-varying coefficients	Cointegration test / Autoregressive distributed lag model
Chanzo asilia	Pesaran, M. H., Shin, Y., & Smith, R. J. (2001). Bounds testing approaches to the analysis of level relationships. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 16(3), 289–326.	Pesaran, M. H., Shin, Y., & Smith, R. J. (2001). Bounds Testing Approaches to the Analysis of Level Relationships. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 16(3), 289–326.
Majina mbadala	TVP-ARDL bounds test, time-varying ARDL cointegration, TVP bounds testing approach, dynamic ARDL bounds test	Pesaran bounds test, bounds testing approach, ARDL cointegration test, ARDL Sınır Testi (Pesaran Bounds Test)
Zinazohusiana	2	4
Muhtasari	The time-varying parameter ARDL bounds test extends the classic Pesaran-Shin-Smith (2001) bounds testing framework by allowing regression coefficients to evolve continuously over time. It detects whether a long-run cointegrating relationship between variables exists and whether that relationship has been stable or shifting across the sample period.	The ARDL bounds test is an autoregressive distributed lag method that tests for a cointegrating (long-run level) relationship between time series, introduced by Pesaran, Shin and Smith in 2001. Unlike the Johansen procedure, it remains valid whether the variables are I(0), I(1) or a mix of the two, and it is more reliable than Johansen in small samples of roughly 30 to 80 observations.