Linganisha mbinu

	Technology Roadmapping	Technology Delphi
Nyanja	Science Technology Studies	Science Technology Studies
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	2004	1975
Mwanzilishi	Robert Phaal, Clare Farrukh, David Probert (Cambridge T-Plan); Motorola/Corning origins	Helmer & Dalkey (RAND); national applications by NISTEP (Japan) and Cuhls (Germany)
Aina	Time-based strategic-planning process	Iterative structured expert-survey process
Chanzo asilia	Phaal, R., Farrukh, C. J. P., & Probert, D. R. (2004). Technology roadmapping—a planning framework for evolution and revolution. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 71(1-2), 5-26.	Linstone, H. A., & Turoff, M. (Eds.). (1975). The Delphi Method: Techniques and Applications. Addison-Wesley. ISBN: 9780201042948
Majina mbadala	Technology roadmaps, Strategic roadmapping, T-Plan roadmapping	Technology Delphi survey, Foresight Delphi, National Delphi forecast
Zinazohusiana	4	4
Muhtasari	Technology roadmapping is a strategic-planning technique that produces a time-based, multi-layered chart linking markets and business drivers, products and services, and the technologies and resources needed to deliver them. By laying these layers along a common timeline and drawing the links between them, a roadmap aligns research and development with strategy, answering where an organisation wants to go, how it will get there, and which technologies must mature and when.	The technology Delphi is a large-scale, multi-round expert survey used to forecast the timing, importance, and feasibility of future technological developments. Built on the classic Delphi principles of anonymity, iteration, controlled feedback, and statistical aggregation, it elicits judgements from hundreds or thousands of experts on a structured list of technology statements and converges them, round by round, into a collective forecast that informs national and organisational science and technology priorities.