Linganisha mbinu

	Mienendo ya Mfumo	Ubunifu wa Utafiti wa Uigaji wa Stratified
Nyanja	Uigaji	Uigaji
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	1961	1979
Mwanzilishi	Jay W. Forrester	—
Aina	Continuous simulation / feedback modelling	Stratified space-filling sampling design
Chanzo asilia	Sterman, J.D. (2000). Business Dynamics: Systems Thinking and Modeling for a Complex World. Irwin McGraw-Hill. ISBN: 978-0072389159	McKay, M.D., Beckman, R.J. & Conover, W.J. (1979). A Comparison of Three Methods for Selecting Values of Input Variables in the Analysis of Output from a Computer Code. Technometrics, 21(2), 239-245.
Majina mbadala	stock-flow modelling, Sistem Dinamiği (Stock-Flow Modelleme), SD modelling, feedback simulation	LHS, Latin Hiperküp Örnekleme (LHS) ve Duyarlılık Analizi, stratified sampling design, space-filling design
Zinazohusiana	3	4
Muhtasari	System dynamics is a continuous simulation method, developed by Jay W. Forrester at MIT in 1961, that represents a complex system through stocks (accumulations), flows (rates of change), and feedback loops. By expressing these relationships as coupled ordinary differential equations, it reproduces how policies, delays, and nonlinear feedbacks drive system behaviour over time — making it a cornerstone tool in policy analysis, organisational modelling, and sustainability research.	Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS) is a stratified space-filling design for computer experiments, introduced by McKay, Beckman, and Conover in 1979. It divides each input variable's range into equally probable strata and draws exactly one sample per stratum, ensuring that the full input space is covered with far fewer model evaluations than standard Monte Carlo simulation requires. It is routinely paired with global sensitivity analysis — particularly Sobol indices — to quantify how much each input drives output variability.