Linganisha mbinu

	Kiwango cha Ubora wa Maisha Hususa kwa Kiharusi (SS-QoL)	Kiwango cha Modified Rankin (mRS)
Nyanja	Neurolojia	Neurolojia
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	1999	1988
Mwanzilishi	Lee S. Williams, Indiana University	Rankin scale original (Rankin, 1957); modified version by van Swieten et al.
Aina	Self-report questionnaire	Clinician-rated ordinal scale
Chanzo asilia	Williams, L. S., Weinberger, M., Harris, L. E., Clark, D. O., & Biller, J. (1999). Development of a Stroke-Specific Quality of Life Scale. Stroke, 30(7), 1362-1369.	van Swieten, J. C., Koudstaal, P. J., Visser, M. C., Schouten, H. J., & van Gijn, J. (1988). Interobserver agreement for the assessment of handicap in stroke patients. Stroke, 19(5), 604-607.
Majina mbadala	Stroke-Specific QoL, SS-QOL	mRS, Rankin Scale, Modified Rankin
Zinazohusiana	4	4
Muhtasari	The SS-QoL is a disease-specific quality-of-life instrument designed to capture the multidimensional impact of stroke on survivors' functional and emotional well-being. Developed by Williams and colleagues in 1999, this 49-item scale addresses stroke-specific concerns including language, cognition, mobility, and emotional functioning. It is a gold-standard instrument for stroke outcome research and routine clinical monitoring of post-stroke recovery.	The Modified Rankin Scale is a simple 0-6 ordinal measure of global disability or dependency in patients with stroke and other neurological conditions. Originally developed by Rankin in 1957 and modified by van Swieten and colleagues in 1988, it remains the most widely used global disability outcome in stroke clinical trials and clinical practice. Its simplicity, brevity, and strong prognostic association make it the gold standard for acute stroke outcome measurement and is mandated as a primary endpoint in virtually all stroke therapeutic trials.