Linganisha mbinu

	Nadharia Changa ya Kistrass	Utafiti Shirikishi	Grounded Theory
Nyanja	Mbinu za Kimaelezo	Utafiti wa Kimaelezo	Utafiti wa Kimaelezo
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	1990 (systematic elaboration; building on Glaser & Strauss 1967)	1946	1967
Mwanzilishi	Anselm Strauss & Juliet Corbin	Kurt Lewin; expanded by Kemmis, McTaggart, Reason & Bradbury	Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss
Aina	Qualitative research method	Method	Method
Chanzo asilia	Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1990). Basics of Qualitative Research: Grounded Theory Procedures and Techniques. Sage. ISBN: 978-0803932500	Lewin, K. (1946). Action research and minority problems. Journal of Social Issues, 2(4), 34–46.	Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. Aldine.
Majina mbadala	Strauss-Corbin GT, systematic grounded theory, GTM (Straussian), conditional/consequential matrix GT	Participatory Action Research, PAR, Collaborative Inquiry	GT, Grounded Theory Approach
Zinazohusiana	6	1	3
Muhtasari	Straussian Grounded Theory is a systematic qualitative methodology developed by Anselm Strauss and Juliet Corbin that generates theory inductively from data through structured coding procedures. Unlike exploratory description, it aims to produce a substantive mid-range theory that explains how a social process unfolds, grounding every theoretical claim directly in empirical evidence collected from participants who have experienced the phenomenon under study.	Action research is a collaborative research methodology in which researchers work with practitioners and community members to investigate a problem, implement change, and evaluate outcomes, cycling through reflection, action, and learning. Developed by Kurt Lewin (1946), action research bridges research and practice, aiming simultaneously to produce knowledge and practical improvement.	Grounded Theory (GT) is a systematic qualitative research methodology in which theory emerges directly from data through iterative analysis, rather than being imposed before data collection. Developed by Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss in 1967, GT prioritizes generating explanatory frameworks grounded in evidence.