Linganisha mbinu

	Kipimo cha Ustawi wa Kiroho	Maswali ya Tathmini ya Ubora wa Maisha ya McGill
Nyanja	Huduma ya Faraja	Huduma ya Faraja
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	1982	1995
Mwanzilishi	Raymond F. Paloutzian and Craig W. Ellison	Cohen, Mount, Strobel, and Bui
Aina	Self-report	Self-report
Chanzo asilia	Paloutzian, R. F., & Ellison, C. W. (1982). Loneliness, spiritual well-being, and the quality of life. In L. A. Peplau & D. Perlman (Eds.), Loneliness: A sourcebook of current theory, research and therapy (pp. 224–237). Wiley.	Cohen, S. R., Mount, B. M., Strobel, M. G., & Bui, F. (1995). The McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire: a measure of quality of life appropriate for people facing advanced cancer. Journal of Palliative Care, 11(3), 6–15.
Majina mbadala	SWBS	MQOL
Zinazohusiana	5	5
Muhtasari	The Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWBS) is a 20-item self-report measure of spiritual well-being encompassing both religious faith and existential meaning—two dimensions critical to quality of life at end-of-life. Developed by Paloutzian and Ellison in 1982, the SWBS has become a cornerstone assessment tool in palliative care, chaplaincy, and oncology to identify unmet spiritual needs, guide supportive interventions, and evaluate the impact of spiritual care programs on patient outcomes.	The McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire (MQOL) is a 17-item, multidimensional self-report measure specifically developed for people with advanced cancer and other life-limiting illnesses. Created by Cohen, Mount, and colleagues at McGill University in 1995, the MQOL captures physical, functional, emotional, spiritual, and social dimensions of quality of life in a concise, patient-centered format. It has become a standard outcome measure in palliative care research, hospice quality improvement, and cancer centers internationally.