Linganisha mbinu

	Kiwango cha Dalili za Kimwili-8 (SSS-8)	Kiwalrisha cha Afya ya Mgonjwa-9 (PHQ-9)
Nyanja	Saikolojia ya Kliniki	Saikolojia ya Kliniki
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	2014	2001
Mwanzilishi	Bernd Gierk	Kurt Kroenke
Aina	Self-report questionnaire	Self-report questionnaire
Chanzo asilia	Gierk, B., Kohlmann, S., Kroenke, K., Spangenberg, L., Zhan, Y., Scherer, M., & Herzberg, P. Y. (2014). The Somatic Symptom Scale-8 (SSS-8): a brief measure of somatic symptom burden. JAMA Internal Medicine, 174(3), 399–407.	Kroenke, K., Spitzer, R. L., & Williams, J. B. (2001). The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 16(9), 606–613.
Majina mbadala	SSS-8, Somatic Symptom Scale	PHQ-9, Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Module
Zinazohusiana	3	5
Muhtasari	The Somatic Symptom Scale-8 is a brief eight-item self-report instrument designed by Bernd Gierk and colleagues to assess the severity and burden of somatic (bodily) symptoms. Published in JAMA Internal Medicine in 2014, the SSS-8 is derived from the longer Somatic Symptom Disorder-B Criteria Scale and serves as a rapid screening tool for somatic symptom disorder and medically unexplained symptoms. It is widely used in primary care, general medicine, and psychiatry to identify patients whose physical complaints may warrant psychological or behavioral intervention.	The PHQ-9 is a brief, nine-item self-report questionnaire developed by Kroenke, Spitzer, and Williams to screen for and measure the severity of depressive symptoms. Published in 2001 in the Journal of General Internal Medicine, it has become one of the most widely used depression screening instruments globally. The scale maps directly to DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for major depressive disorder, making it valuable in both clinical and research settings.