Linganisha mbinu

	Mwingiliano wa Udongo na Muundo	Uundaji wa Modeli ya Maji ya Chini ya Ardhi kwa kutumia MODFLOW
Nyanja	Uhandisi wa Ujenzi	Uhandisi wa Ujenzi
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	1974	1984 (original release); continuously updated through MODFLOW-6 (2017)
Mwanzilishi	Artur S. Veletsos	Michael G. McDonald and Arlen W. Harbaugh (U.S. Geological Survey)
Aina	Dynamic analysis of coupled soil-foundation-structure systems	Numerical groundwater flow simulation
Chanzo asilia	Veletsos, A. S., & Meek, J. W. (1974). Dynamic behaviour of building-foundation systems. Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics, 3(2), 121-138.	Harbaugh, A. W. (2005). MODFLOW-2005, the U.S. Geological Survey modular ground-water model — the Ground-Water Flow Process. U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 6-A16.
Majina mbadala	SSI analysis, Foundation compliance, Dynamic foundation analysis	MODFLOW-2005, MODFLOW-6, modular groundwater flow model, USGS groundwater model
Zinazohusiana	4	0
Muhtasari	Soil-structure interaction (SSI) analysis accounts for the dynamic coupling between a structure and its supporting foundation soil, recognizing that the soil is not infinitely rigid. Formalized by Veletsos in 1974, this approach reveals how foundation compliance, radiation damping, and kinematic effects modify the structure's seismic response compared to fixed-base assumptions.	MODFLOW is the U.S. Geological Survey's open-source, modular finite-difference model for simulating three-dimensional groundwater flow through porous media. First released in 1984 and continuously updated — most recently as MODFLOW-6 — it is the global standard for quantitative hydrogeological analysis, widely used in civil engineering, environmental consulting, water-resource management, and groundwater contamination studies.