Linganisha mbinu
Pitia mbinu ulizochagua bega kwa bega; safu zinazotofautiana zinaangaziwa.
| Kiwango cha Matatizo ya Mitandao ya Kijamii× | Kiwango cha Technoference× | |
|---|---|---|
| Nyanja | Saikolojia ya Mitandao ya Kijamii | Saikolojia ya Mitandao ya Kijamii |
| Familia | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Mwaka wa asili | 2016 | 2016 |
| Mwanzilishi≠ | Roos J. J. M. van den Eijnden, Jeroen S. Lemmens, and Patti M. Valkenburg | Brandon T. McDaniel and Sarah M. Coyne |
| Aina | Self-report | Self-report |
| Chanzo asilia≠ | van den Eijnden, R. J. J. M., Lemmens, J. S., & Valkenburg, P. M. (2016). The social media disorder scale. Computers in Human Behavior, 61, 481–490. DOI ↗ | McDaniel, B. T., & Coyne, S. M. (2016). Technology interference in the context of romantic relationships. In R. E. Ackerman (Ed.), The psychology of social networking (Vol. 1, pp. 86–102). Nova Publishers. link ↗ |
| Majina mbadala≠ | SMD Scale | Technoference, Phone Interference |
| Zinazohusiana | 4 | 4 |
| Muhtasari≠ | The Social Media Disorder Scale (SMD Scale) is a 9-item self-report measure developed by van den Eijnden and colleagues in 2016 to assess problematic social media use characterized by loss of control, withdrawal, tolerance, and conflict—mirroring criteria from behavioral addiction frameworks. It identifies individuals whose engagement with social media platforms has reached clinically concerning levels that interfere with daily functioning. | The Technoference Scale measures the degree to which smartphone and technology use interferes with interpersonal relationships, particularly in romantic partnerships, families, and close relationships. Developed by McDaniel and Coyne in the mid-2010s, this construct captures a modern phenomenon where digital devices create physical or psychological distance during face-to-face interaction, reducing relationship quality and satisfaction. |
| ScholarGateSeti ya data ↗ |
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