Linganisha mbinu

	Social Identity Political Measurement	Kipimo cha Utambulisho wa Mfuasi wa Chama (Partisan Identity Scale)
Nyanja	Saikolojia ya Siasa	Saikolojia ya Siasa
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	2015	1960
Mwanzilishi	Leonie Huddy, Lilliana Mason & Lene Aaroe	Angus Campbell et al.
Aina	Self-report identity scale	Self-report
Chanzo asilia	Huddy, L., Mason, L., & Aaroe, L. (2015). Expressive partisanship: Campaign involvement, political emotion, and partisan identity. American Political Science Review, 109(1), 1-17.	Campbell, A., Converse, P. E., Miller, W. E., & Stokes, D. E. (1960). The American voter. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Majina mbadala	Political Social Identity Scale, Partisan Social Identity Measure, Expressive Partisanship Scale	PAS, Party Identification, Partisan Strength
Zinazohusiana	4	3
Muhtasari	Social identity measurement in political behavior applies social identity theory (Tajfel & Turner, 1979) to political groups, treating partisanship, ideology, or movement membership as a social identity rather than a mere instrumental affiliation. Huddy, Mason and Aaroe (2015) adapted Mael and Tetlock-style identity items into a partisan social-identity scale that measures expressive, emotionally charged group attachment and predicts campaign activity and political emotion better than issue agreement.	The Partisan Identity Scale measures strength and direction of psychological attachment to a political party, encompassing both party preference and emotional party identification. Foundational since Campbell et al.'s American Voter (1960), the measure distinguishes party affiliation (which party one is registered with) from party identification (psychological identity with a party as a social group). Partisan identity is among the strongest predictors of voting behavior, political attitudes, and interpretation of political information, functioning as a 'perceptual filter' through which voters process news.