Linganisha mbinu

	Kiwango cha Ushiriki wa Kijamii	Kipimo cha Udhaifu cha Edmonton
Nyanja	Jerontolojia	Jerontolojia
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	2000s	2006
Mwanzilishi	Various	Darryl B. Rolfson
Aina	Self-report scale of social engagement	Clinician-administered assessment
Chanzo asilia	Paulson, D., & Willig, C. (2008). Older adults' engagement with online information about health: web site accessibility, usefulness, and trust. Gerontology, 54(5), 523-533.	Rolfson, D. B., Majumdar, S. R., Tsuyuki, R. T., Tahir, A., & Srivastava, S. (2006). Validity and reliability of the Edmonton Frail Scale. Age Ageing, 35(5), 526-529.
Majina mbadala	SES, Social Engagement Score	EFS, Edmonton Frailty Scale
Zinazohusiana	5	5
Muhtasari	The Social Engagement Scale (SES) is a brief self-report measure assessing the frequency and quality of social contact and participation in social activities in older adults. While multiple versions exist (developed by various researchers in gerontology), the core concept measures social connection—the degree to which individuals maintain relationships with family and friends, participate in community activities, and feel engaged with others. The SES is used in research, clinical gerontology, and public health to evaluate social isolation risk, predict mortality and health outcomes, and measure outcomes of social intervention programs.	The Edmonton Frail Scale (EFS) is a comprehensive, nine-domain assessment tool developed by Rolfson and colleagues in 2006 to systematically evaluate frailty across multiple physiological and functional dimensions in older adults. Combining clinical judgment with objective testing, the EFS assesses cognition, general health status, functional independence, social support, medication use, nutrition, mood, continence, and functional performance, providing a multidimensional frailty profile. It is widely used in geriatric clinics, acute care settings, and research to characterize the nature and severity of frailty.