Linganisha mbinu

	Profaili ya Athari ya Ugonjwa	PROMIS
Nyanja	Upimaji wa Afya	Upimaji wa Afya
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	1976	2010
Mwanzilishi	Marilyn Bergner and colleagues at University of Washington	National Institutes of Health (NIH) and National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS)
Aina	Comprehensive behavioral health status measurement	Computer-adaptive testing and fixed-length patient-reported outcome measures
Chanzo asilia	Bergner, M., Bobbitt, R. A., Carter, W. B., & Gilson, B. S. (1981). The Sickness Impact Profile: development and final revision of a health status measure. Medical Care, 19(8), 787–805.	Cella, D., Yount, S., Rothrock, N., et al. (2010). The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS): progress of an NIH Roadmap cooperative group during its first two years. Medical Care, 45(Suppl 1), S3–S11.
Majina mbadala	SIP, Sickness Impact Scale	PROMIS measures, NIH PROMIS, Computer Adaptive Testing PROMIS
Zinazohusiana	5	5
Muhtasari	The Sickness Impact Profile (SIP) is a comprehensive 136-item behavioral health status measure developed by Bergner and colleagues at the University of Washington in 1976. It assesses the impact of illness on daily activities and behavior across physical, psychosocial, and independent living dimensions. The SIP remains one of the most thorough and validated health status instruments.	The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) is a comprehensive, flexible system of patient-reported outcome measures developed by the National Institutes of Health. Launched in 2010, PROMIS measures health across multiple domains using both fixed-item forms and computer-adaptive testing (CAT). It has become the gold standard for outcomes measurement in clinical trials and health systems research.