Linganisha mbinu

	Kipimo kifupi cha Utendaji wa Kimwili (SPPB)	Kipimo cha Udhaifu cha Edmonton
Nyanja	Jerontolojia	Jerontolojia
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	1994	2006
Mwanzilishi	Jack M. Guralnik	Darryl B. Rolfson
Aina	Performance-based assessment	Clinician-administered assessment
Chanzo asilia	Guralnik, J. M., Simonsick, E. M., Ferrucci, L., et al. (1994). A short physical performance battery assessing lower extremity function: association with self-reported disability and prediction of mortality and nursing home admission. J Gerontol, 49(2), M85-M94.	Rolfson, D. B., Majumdar, S. R., Tsuyuki, R. T., Tahir, A., & Srivastava, S. (2006). Validity and reliability of the Edmonton Frail Scale. Age Ageing, 35(5), 526-529.
Majina mbadala	SPPB	EFS, Edmonton Frailty Scale
Zinazohusiana	5	5
Muhtasari	The Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) is a performance-based assessment developed by Guralnik and colleagues in 1994 at the National Institute on Aging to measure lower extremity physical function and functional mobility in older adults. It is widely used in clinical practice and epidemiological research to predict disability, institutionalization, and mortality in community-dwelling seniors.	The Edmonton Frail Scale (EFS) is a comprehensive, nine-domain assessment tool developed by Rolfson and colleagues in 2006 to systematically evaluate frailty across multiple physiological and functional dimensions in older adults. Combining clinical judgment with objective testing, the EFS assesses cognition, general health status, functional independence, social support, medication use, nutrition, mood, continence, and functional performance, providing a multidimensional frailty profile. It is widely used in geriatric clinics, acute care settings, and research to characterize the nature and severity of frailty.