Linganisha mbinu
Pitia mbinu ulizochagua bega kwa bega; safu zinazotofautiana zinaangaziwa.
| SF-12 Afya Survey× | EQ-5D× | |
|---|---|---|
| Nyanja | Upimaji wa Afya | Upimaji wa Afya |
| Familia | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Mwaka wa asili≠ | 1996 | 1990 |
| Mwanzilishi≠ | John E. Ware Jr., Mark Kosinski, and Susan Keller | EuroQol Group |
| Aina≠ | Brief self-report health status instrument | Generic preference-based health utility measure |
| Chanzo asilia≠ | Ware, J. E., Kosinski, M., & Keller, S. D. (1996). A 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey: construction of scales and preliminary tests of reliability and validity. Medical Care, 34(3), 220–233. DOI ↗ | Rabin, R., & de Charro, F. (2001). EQ-5D: a measure of health status from the EuroQol Group. Annals of Medicine, 33(5), 337–343. DOI ↗ |
| Majina mbadala≠ | SF-12v2, Medical Outcomes Study SF-12 | EQ-5D-3L, EQ-5D-5L, EuroQol |
| Zinazohusiana≠ | 4 | 5 |
| Muhtasari≠ | The SF-12 is a brief, 12-item version of the SF-36 health survey developed by Ware, Kosinski, and Keller in 1996. Designed to reduce respondent burden while maintaining psychometric validity, it has become the standard instrument for large-scale surveys, epidemiological studies, and health outcomes research where administration time is critical. | The EQ-5D is a standardized, preference-based health utility measure developed by the EuroQol Group in 1990. It combines a descriptive health profile (five dimensions, three or five response levels) with a visual analog scale to quantify overall health status. The instrument has become essential for health economics, clinical trials, and cost-effectiveness analysis worldwide. |
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