Linganisha mbinu
Pitia mbinu ulizochagua bega kwa bega; safu zinazotofautiana zinaangaziwa.
| Self-Report Delinquency Scale× | Uundaji wa Kipimo cha Likert× | |
|---|---|---|
| Nyanja≠ | Criminology | Saikometriki |
| Familia | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Mwaka wa asili≠ | 1980 | 1932 |
| Mwanzilishi≠ | Delbert S. Elliott & Suzanne S. Ageton | Rensis Likert |
| Aina≠ | Self-report behavioral measurement instrument | Summated rating scale methodology |
| Chanzo asilia≠ | Elliott, D. S., & Ageton, S. S. (1980). Reconciling race and class differences in self-reported and official estimates of delinquency. American Sociological Review, 45(1), 95–110. DOI ↗ | Likert, R. (1932). A technique for the measurement of attitudes. Archives of Psychology, 22(140), 1-55. link ↗ |
| Majina mbadala≠ | SRD Scale, Self-Reported Delinquency Measure, Self-Report Offending Inventory, National Youth Survey Delinquency Scale | Likert summated rating scale, Summated rating scale construction |
| Zinazohusiana≠ | 4 | 5 |
| Muhtasari≠ | A self-report delinquency (SRD) scale measures offending by asking respondents directly how often they have committed specific delinquent or criminal acts, rather than relying on arrests or convictions. The modern frequency-based approach was established by Delbert Elliott and Suzanne Ageton in 1980 for the National Youth Survey, designed to capture the full range and frequency of offending and to overcome the biases of official crime records. | Likert scale construction is a systematic methodology for developing attitude measurement instruments using summated rating scales. Introduced by Rensis Likert in 1932, it enables researchers to quantify latent constructs such as attitudes, beliefs, and psychological states by aggregating responses across multiple items. The method remains foundational to quantitative social and health sciences research. |
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