Linganisha mbinu

	Seasonal Livelihood Analysis	Seasonal Calendar
Nyanja	Development Studies	Anthropology
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	1981	1994
Mwanzilishi	Robert Chambers, Richard Longhurst & Arnold Pacey; Stephen Devereux and colleagues	Participatory Rural Appraisal tradition (Robert Chambers and colleagues)
Aina	Analytical method for understanding intra-annual livelihood variation	Participatory visualization of intra-annual variation across activities and conditions
Chanzo asilia	Devereux, S., Sabates-Wheeler, R., & Longhurst, R. (Eds.). (2012). Seasonality, Rural Livelihoods and Development. London: Routledge/Earthscan. ISBN: 9781849714327	Chambers, R. (1994). The origins and practice of participatory rural appraisal. World Development, 22(7), 953–969.
Majina mbadala	Seasonality analysis, Seasonal livelihood programming, Hunger gap analysis, Seasonal vulnerability analysis	Seasonal Calendar Diagramming, Seasonality Diagram, Seasonal Activity Matrix, Seasonal Mapping
Zinazohusiana	4	4
Muhtasari	Seasonal livelihood analysis examines how poor households' livelihoods — their income, food access, labour demand, prices, debt, and exposure to hazards and disease — vary systematically across the months of the year rather than remaining constant. Rooted in the agenda set by Robert Chambers, Richard Longhurst, and Arnold Pacey in their 1981 work on seasonal dimensions to rural poverty and revived by Stephen Devereux and colleagues, it uses seasonal calendars to chart these intra-annual rhythms, locate the lean or 'hunger' season, and time interventions such as social protection so they reach people when need is greatest.	A seasonal calendar is a participatory rural appraisal (PRA) tool in which community members chart how key conditions and activities vary across the months or seasons of a typical year on a shared visual matrix. Rows represent variables such as rainfall, crop labour, income, food availability, migration, illness, or expenditure, while columns represent the local division of the year. By filling the cells with stones, marks, or piles whose size shows intensity, participants produce a collective picture of seasonality that reveals when stresses pile up and when slack periods occur.