Linganisha mbinu
Pitia mbinu ulizochagua bega kwa bega; safu zinazotofautiana zinaangaziwa.
| Schwartz Value Survey× | Need for Closure Scale× | |
|---|---|---|
| Nyanja | Saikolojia ya Siasa | Saikolojia ya Siasa |
| Familia | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Mwaka wa asili≠ | 1992 | 1994 |
| Mwanzilishi≠ | Shalom H. Schwartz | Donna M. Webster & Arie W. Kruglanski |
| Aina≠ | Self-report values survey | Self-report individual-difference scale |
| Chanzo asilia≠ | Schwartz, S. H. (1992). Universals in the content and structure of values: Theoretical advances and empirical tests in 20 countries. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 25, 1-65. DOI ↗ | Webster, D. M., & Kruglanski, A. W. (1994). Individual differences in need for cognitive closure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67(6), 1049-1062. DOI ↗ |
| Majina mbadala | SVS, Schwartz Theory of Basic Values, Portrait Values Questionnaire | NFCS, Need for Cognitive Closure Scale, Webster-Kruglanski Scale |
| Zinazohusiana | 4 | 4 |
| Muhtasari≠ | The Schwartz Value Survey (SVS) operationalizes Schwartz's (1992) theory of basic human values, which identifies ten (later refined to nineteen) motivationally distinct values organized in a circular structure along two axes: openness to change versus conservation, and self-enhancement versus self-transcendence. It is the most widely used cross-cultural values instrument and underlies much research on the value basis of political ideology. | The Need for Cognitive Closure Scale, developed by Webster and Kruglanski (1994), measures a stable individual difference in the desire for a firm, definite answer to a question and an aversion to ambiguity and uncertainty. High need for closure is a key epistemic-motivation construct in political psychology, linked to conservatism, prejudice, intolerance of dissent, and resistance to belief change. |
| ScholarGateSeti ya data ↗ |
|
|