Linganisha mbinu

	Kipimo cha Ushiriki Shuleni	Kipimo cha Ukadiriaji cha ADHD cha Vanderbilt
Nyanja	Tathmini ya Ukuaji	Tathmini ya Ukuaji
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	2004	2003
Mwanzilishi	Fredricks, Blumenfeld, and Paris	Mark Wolraich and colleagues
Aina	Multidimensional school engagement measurement	Multi-informant ADHD rating scale
Chanzo asilia	Fredricks, J. A., Blumenfeld, P. C., & Paris, A. H. (2004). School engagement: Potential of the concept, state of the evidence. Review of Educational Research, 74(1), 59-109.	Wolraich, M. L., Lambert, W., Doffing, M. A., et al. (2003). Psychometric properties of the Vanderbilt ADHD Diagnostic Parent Rating Scale in a referred population. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 28(8), 559-567.
Majina mbadala	SES, Student Engagement, Academic Engagement	VADTRS, Vanderbilt ADHD, Parent Rating Scale, Teacher Rating Scale
Zinazohusiana	4	4
Muhtasari	The School Engagement Scale (SES) conceptualizes and measures school engagement as a multidimensional construct encompassing behavioral engagement (participation in academic and school activities), emotional engagement (motivation, interest, sense of belonging), and cognitive engagement (willingness to exert effort, persistence in learning). Developed by Fredricks, Blumenfeld, and Paris (2004), school engagement is a critical predictor of academic achievement, grade retention, and high school dropout.	The Vanderbilt Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Rating Scale, developed by Mark Wolraich and colleagues in 2003, is a validated screening instrument for identifying ADHD symptoms and comorbid behavioral/emotional problems in children aged 6–12 years. Available in parent and teacher versions, it is widely used in primary care, pediatrics, and developmental clinics for initial ADHD screening and symptom tracking during treatment.