Linganisha mbinu

	SAPROF: Tathmini Iliyoandaliwa ya Mambo Yanayolinda dhidi ya Hatari ya Vurugu	VRAG: Mwongozo wa Tathmini ya Hatari ya Unyanyasaji
Nyanja	Saikolojia ya Forensiki	Saikolojia ya Forensiki
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	2012	1993
Mwanzilishi	Vivienne de Vogel, Corine de Ruiter, Yvonne Bouman, Merike de Vries Robbé	Grant T. Harris, Marnie E. Rice, Vernon L. Quinsey
Aina	Clinician-rated	Clinician-rated / File-based
Chanzo asilia	de Vogel, V., de Ruiter, C., Bouman, Y., & de Vries Robbé, M. (2012). SAPROF: Structured Assessment of Protective Factors for violence risk (Version 3). Forum Educatief.	Harris, G. T., Rice, M. E., & Quinsey, V. L. (1993). Violent recidivism of mentally disordered offenders: The development of a statistical prediction instrument. Neuropsychiatry Neuropsychology and Behavioral Neurology, 6(4), 269–279.
Majina mbadala	SAPROF, de Vogel SAPROF	VRAG, Harris-Rice-Quinsey VRAG
Zinazohusiana	4	4
Muhtasari	The Structured Assessment of Protective Factors for Violence Risk (SAPROF) is a 17-item structured professional judgment tool developed by de Vogel, de Ruiter, Bouman, and colleagues (2012) to identify protective factors and strengths in individuals undergoing violence risk assessment. It complements risk assessment instruments (e.g., HCR-20v3) by systematically evaluating resilience, social support, motivation, and positive functioning—domains that mitigate violence risk and inform rehabilitation potential.	The Violence Risk Appraisal Guide (VRAG) is an actuarial instrument developed by Harris, Rice, and Quinsey (1993) to estimate the probability of violent recidivism among adult male offenders released from forensic psychiatric hospitals. It represents one of the earliest empirically validated violence prediction tools and remains widely used in correctional, forensic psychiatric, and civil commitment settings. The VRAG combines static historical variables with dynamic factors to generate a probability-based risk assessment.