Linganisha mbinu

	ANOVA Mbili-Njia Imara	MANOVA Robustu (Robust MANOVA)
Nyanja	Takwimu	Takwimu
Familia	Hypothesis test	Hypothesis test
Mwaka wa asili	1990s–2000s	1990s–2000s
Mwanzilishi	Rand R. Wilcox; H. J. Keselman and colleagues	Rand Wilcox; Lisa Lix and H. J. Keselman
Aina	Robust parametric mean comparison	Robust multivariate mean comparison
Chanzo asilia	Wilcox, R. R. (2012). Introduction to Robust Estimation and Hypothesis Testing (3rd ed.). Academic Press. ISBN: 978-0123869838	Wilcox, R. R. (2012). Introduction to Robust Estimation and Hypothesis Testing (3rd ed.). Academic Press. ISBN: 978-0123869838
Majina mbadala	robust factorial ANOVA, trimmed-mean two-way ANOVA, heteroscedastic two-way ANOVA, robust 2-way ANOVA	robust multivariate ANOVA, trimmed-mean MANOVA, outlier-resistant MANOVA, robust MANOVA
Zinazohusiana	3	5
Muhtasari	Robust two-way ANOVA tests main effects and interactions of two categorical factors on a continuous outcome using trimmed means and Winsorized variances, providing valid inference when standard ANOVA assumptions — normality, homoscedasticity, and absence of outliers — are violated.	Robust MANOVA is a multivariate analysis of variance procedure designed to remain valid when classical assumptions — multivariate normality and homogeneity of covariance matrices — are violated. It replaces raw means and standard covariance matrices with resistant estimates such as trimmed means and Winsorized covariances, yielding reliable Type I error control and power in the presence of outliers and skewed distributions across multiple dependent variables simultaneously.