Linganisha mbinu
Pitia mbinu ulizochagua bega kwa bega; safu zinazotofautiana zinaangaziwa.
| Uthabiti Imara wa Jaribio-Rudia× | Alpha ya Cronbach (Uchambuzi wa Kuegemeza)× | |
|---|---|---|
| Nyanja≠ | Saikometriki | Takwimu |
| Familia | Latent structure | Latent structure |
| Mwaka wa asili≠ | 1990s–2000s | 1951 |
| Mwanzilishi≠ | Built on classical test-retest reliability (Pearson, early 1900s); robust extensions formalized by Wilcox and colleagues from the 1990s onward | Lee J. Cronbach |
| Aina≠ | Reliability / measurement stability | Reliability / internal consistency coefficient |
| Chanzo asilia≠ | Wilcox, R. R. (2012). Introduction to Robust Estimation and Hypothesis Testing (3rd ed.). Academic Press. ISBN: 978-0123869838 | Cronbach, L. J. (1951). Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika, 16(3), 297–334. DOI ↗ |
| Majina mbadala | robust temporal stability, outlier-resistant retest reliability, robust repeatability coefficient, robust intraclass correlation | coefficient alpha, alpha reliability, internal consistency reliability, Güvenilirlik Analizi (Cronbach Alpha) |
| Zinazohusiana≠ | 3 | 4 |
| Muhtasari≠ | Robust test-retest reliability quantifies how consistently a measure ranks or scores the same individuals across two occasions while protecting the estimate from distortion by outliers and non-normal score distributions. It replaces or supplements classical Pearson-based correlation and standard ICC formulas with robust estimators of location, scale, and association. | Cronbach's alpha is a coefficient of internal consistency that quantifies the degree to which a set of items on a scale measures the same underlying construct. Introduced by Lee J. Cronbach in 1951, it remains the most widely reported reliability index in social-science, health, and educational research. |
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