Linganisha mbinu

	ANOVA ya Vipimo Vinavyorudiwa Imara	Jaribio la Friedman lenye uthabiti
Nyanja	Takwimu	Takwimu
Familia	Hypothesis test	Hypothesis test
Mwaka wa asili	1990s–2000s	1990s–2000s
Mwanzilishi	Rand R. Wilcox	Extension of Friedman (1937); robust variants developed by Wilcox and colleagues
Aina	Robust parametric mean comparison	Robust nonparametric repeated measures comparison
Chanzo asilia	Wilcox, R. R. (2012). Introduction to Robust Estimation and Hypothesis Testing (3rd ed.). Academic Press. ISBN: 978-0123869838	Wilcox, R. R. (2012). Introduction to Robust Estimation and Hypothesis Testing (3rd ed.). Academic Press. ISBN: 978-0123869838
Majina mbadala	robust within-subjects ANOVA, trimmed-mean repeated measures ANOVA, robust RM-ANOVA, heteroscedastic repeated measures ANOVA	robust rank-based repeated measures test, trimmed-mean Friedman test, Friedman test with robust estimation, Fried-type robust test
Zinazohusiana	6	6
Muhtasari	Robust repeated measures ANOVA tests whether population trimmed means differ across three or more repeated conditions or time points measured on the same subjects. By replacing ordinary means with 20% trimmed means and replacing variances with Winsorized estimates, it maintains acceptable Type I error and power when data are non-normal, skewed, or contain outliers — conditions under which classical repeated measures ANOVA routinely breaks down.	The robust Friedman test is a nonparametric procedure for comparing three or more related (within-subjects) conditions that replaces standard ranking or mean-based summaries with robust location estimates — typically trimmed means or Winsorized statistics — to reduce the influence of outliers and heavy-tailed distributions on the inference.