Linganisha mbinu

	Msitu Imara wa Misitu	Bagging (Bootstrap Aggregating)
Nyanja	Ujifunzaji wa Mashine	Ujifunzaji wa Mashine
Familia	Machine learning	Machine learning
Mwaka wa asili	2000s–2010s	1996
Mwanzilishi	Various (extensions of Breiman 2001 Random Forest)	Breiman, L.
Aina	Robust Ensemble (noise-tolerant bagging of decision trees)	Ensemble meta-algorithm (variance reduction via bootstrap aggregation)
Chanzo asilia	Chen, S., & Guestrin, C. (2019). Robust Random Forest. In Proceedings of the 36th International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML). Also see: Gao, W., & Zhou, Z.-H. (2013). On the Doubt about Margin Explanation of Boosting. Artificial Intelligence, 203, 1–18.	Breiman, L. (1996). Bagging Predictors. Machine Learning, 24(2), 123–140.
Majina mbadala	RRF, noise-robust random forest, outlier-resistant random forest, robust ensemble forest	Bootstrap Aggregating, bootstrap aggregation, bagged ensemble, bagged predictor
Zinazohusiana	6	5
Muhtasari	Robust Random Forest extends the standard Random Forest ensemble by incorporating mechanisms that reduce the influence of outliers, label noise, and corrupted observations. Rather than treating all training instances equally, it applies weighting or filtering strategies so that noisy or anomalous samples contribute less to individual tree splits, yielding predictions that remain reliable even when data quality is imperfect.	Bagging, short for Bootstrap Aggregating, is an ensemble meta-algorithm introduced by Leo Breiman in 1996 that trains multiple copies of a base learner on independently drawn bootstrap samples of the training data and combines their predictions — by averaging for regression or majority vote for classification — to produce a final predictor with substantially lower variance than any single base learner.