Linganisha mbinu

	Kujifunza Imara Mtandaoni	Jifunze Mtandaoni
Nyanja	Ujifunzaji wa Mashine	Ujifunzaji wa Mashine
Familia	Machine learning	Machine learning
Mwaka wa asili	2000s–2010s	1958–2000s
Mwanzilishi	Hazan, E.; Shalev-Shwartz, S.; and others	Rosenblatt, F.; Littlestone, N.; Shalev-Shwartz, S. (key contributors)
Aina	Algorithmic framework	Learning paradigm (sequential model update)
Chanzo asilia	Hazan, E. (2016). Introduction to Online Convex Optimization. Foundations and Trends in Optimization, 2(3–4), 157–325.	Shalev-Shwartz, S. (2011). Online Learning and Online Convex Optimization. Foundations and Trends in Machine Learning, 4(2), 107–194.
Majina mbadala	ROL, robust incremental learning, adversarially robust online learning, robust sequential learning	incremental learning, sequential learning, streaming learning, online machine learning
Zinazohusiana	5	6
Muhtasari	Robust Online Learning extends the online learning framework — where a model updates sequentially after each observation — by incorporating robustness mechanisms that guard against corrupted labels, adversarial examples, heavy-tailed noise, and concept drift. The result is a sequential learner that maintains bounded regret even when the data stream contains outliers or deliberate perturbations.	Online learning is a machine learning paradigm in which a model is updated incrementally as each new data point arrives, rather than being trained once on a fixed dataset. It is essential when data streams continuously, storage is limited, or the underlying distribution shifts over time. Theoretical performance is measured by cumulative regret relative to the best fixed predictor in hindsight.