Linganisha mbinu

	Kikokotozi cha Kulinganisha Imara (Kurekebishwa kwa Upendeleo)	Ukadiriaji Imara Mara Mbili (AIPW)
Nyanja	Uhitimisho wa Kisababishi	Uhitimisho wa Kisababishi
Familia	Regression model	Regression model
Mwaka wa asili	2006/2011	2005
Mwanzilishi	Abadie & Imbens	Robins & Rotnitzky; Bang & Robins
Aina	Causal inference / matching	Semiparametric causal estimator
Chanzo asilia	Abadie, A., & Imbens, G. W. (2011). Bias-Corrected Matching Estimators for Average Treatment Effects. Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, 29(1), 1-11.	Robins, J. M. & Rotnitzky, A. (1995). Semiparametric Efficiency in Multivariate Regression Models with Missing Data. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 90(429), 122-129.
Majina mbadala	bias-corrected matching, Abadie-Imbens matching, AI matching estimator, robust nearest-neighbor matching	AIPW, augmented inverse probability weighting, doubly robust estimator, Çift Gürbüz Kestirici (Augmented IPW / AIPW)
Zinazohusiana	6	5
Muhtasari	The robust matching estimator, developed by Abadie and Imbens (2006, 2011), extends nearest-neighbor matching by adding a regression-based bias correction that removes the finite-sample bias arising when matched units are not perfectly alike. It yields consistent, asymptotically normal estimates of average treatment effects with a heteroskedasticity-robust variance formula that is valid regardless of the number of continuous covariates.	Doubly Robust Estimation, also called Augmented Inverse Probability Weighting (AIPW), is a semiparametric method for estimating causal treatment effects that combines an outcome regression model with a propensity (treatment) model. Developed in the work of Robins & Rotnitzky (1995) and Bang & Robins (2005), it stays consistent as long as at least one of the two models is correctly specified.