Linganisha mbinu

	Kiwango cha Uhalali wa Mrengo wa Kulia (RWA)	Kiwango cha Thamani za Kitamaduni
Nyanja	Saikolojia ya Kijamii	Saikolojia ya Kijamii
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	1981	2002
Mwanzilishi	Bob Altemeyer	Daphna Oyserman
Aina	Self-report Likert scale	Self-report Likert scale
Chanzo asilia	Altemeyer, B. (1981). Right-wing authoritarianism. University of Manitoba Press.	Oyserman, D., Coon, H. M., & Kemmelmeier, M. (2002). Rethinking individualism and collectivism: Evaluation of theoretical assumptions and meta-analyses. Psychological Bulletin, 128(1), 3–72.
Majina mbadala	RWA	CVS
Zinazohusiana	4	4
Muhtasari	The Right-Wing Authoritarianism Scale (RWA) is a self-report measure developed by Bob Altemeyer in 1981 to assess individual differences in authoritarian attitudes, including submission to established authorities, adherence to conventional norms, and aggression toward those perceived to violate social conventions. The scale measures three core dimensions: authoritarian submission, authoritarian aggression, and conventionalism. It has become a cornerstone of research on authoritarianism, political attitudes, and intergroup prejudice.	The Cultural Values Scale is a self-report measure designed to assess individual endorsement of cultural values spanning individualism and collectivism. Developed within the cross-cultural psychology literature, the scale captures how individuals prioritize personal autonomy, achievement, and self-expression against group harmony, interdependence, and collective well-being. It has become a standard tool for understanding cultural orientation in diverse populations.