Linganisha mbinu
Pitia mbinu ulizochagua bega kwa bega; safu zinazotofautiana zinaangaziwa.
| Utafiti wa Mbali× | Mahojiano yaliyopangwa× | |
|---|---|---|
| Nyanja | Metodolojia ya Dodoso | Metodolojia ya Dodoso |
| Familia | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Mwaka wa asili≠ | 1970s–present (formalised by Dillman 1978; expanded to internet surveys 2000s) | 1940s–1950s |
| Mwanzilishi≠ | Don A. Dillman (Tailored Design Method for mail/remote surveys) | Survey research tradition; formalized by Campbell, Katona, and Kahn in mid-20th century |
| Aina≠ | Quantitative / mixed-methods data collection technique | Quantitative / mixed data collection technique |
| Chanzo asilia≠ | Dillman, D. A., Smyth, J. D., & Christian, L. M. (2014). Internet, Phone, Mail, and Mixed-Mode Surveys: The Tailored Design Method (4th ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-1118456149 | Fontana, A., & Frey, J. H. (2000). The interview: From structured questions to negotiated text. In N. K. Denzin & Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of Qualitative Research (2nd ed., pp. 645–672). Sage. link ↗ |
| Majina mbadala | distance survey, self-administered remote questionnaire, remote questionnaire, distributed survey | standardized interview, formal interview, schedule-based interview, fixed-format interview |
| Zinazohusiana≠ | 6 | 4 |
| Muhtasari≠ | A remote survey is a structured data collection method in which respondents complete a questionnaire without the researcher being physically present. Delivered via mail, telephone, email, web platforms, or mobile apps, it enables researchers to reach geographically dispersed samples at relatively low cost. The method is central to social-science, public-health, and organisational research and is codified in Dillman's widely used Tailored Design Method. | A structured interview is a data collection technique in which every participant is asked exactly the same pre-specified questions in the same order, using standardized wording. Because the interview schedule is fixed, responses across participants are directly comparable, enabling quantitative aggregation and statistical analysis. It sits at the most standardized end of the interview continuum, between the self-administered questionnaire and the semi-structured interview. |
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