Linganisha mbinu

	Racial Resentment Scale	Blatant Dehumanization Scale
Nyanja	Saikolojia ya Siasa	Saikolojia ya Siasa
Familia	Latent structure	Latent structure
Mwaka wa asili	1996	2015
Mwanzilishi	Donald R. Kinder & Lynn M. Sanders	Nour Kteily, Emile Bruneau, Adam Waytz & Sarah Cotterill
Aina	Attitude scale for racialized policy opinion	Graphic-slider measure of dehumanization
Chanzo asilia	Kinder, D. R., & Sanders, L. M. (1996). Divided by Color: Racial Politics and Democratic Ideals. University of Chicago Press. ISBN: 9780226435749	Kteily, N., Bruneau, E., Waytz, A., & Cotterill, S. (2015). The Ascent of Man: Theoretical and Empirical Evidence for Blatant Dehumanization. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 109(5), 901-931.
Majina mbadala	Racial Resentment Battery, Kinder-Sanders Racial Resentment Measure, New Racism Scale, Racial Resentment Index	Ascent of Man Scale, Ascent Dehumanization Measure, Kteily-Bruneau Dehumanization Scale, Blatant Animalistic Dehumanization Measure
Zinazohusiana	3	3
Muhtasari	The Racial Resentment Scale, developed by Donald Kinder and Lynn Sanders in Divided by Color (1996), measures a modern, symbolic form of racial prejudice in which anti-Black affect is fused with the traditional American value of individualism. Rather than endorsing biological inferiority, racially resentful respondents express the belief that Black Americans violate norms of self-reliance and hard work and make illegitimate demands for special treatment. The standard battery of four agree-disagree items has become the dominant survey measure of racial attitudes in American political science and a powerful predictor of opinion on welfare, affirmative action, and racialized candidate evaluation.	The Blatant Dehumanization Scale, also called the Ascent of Man measure, captures the willingness to overtly deny full humanity to an out-group. Developed by Nour Kteily, Emile Bruneau, Adam Waytz, and Sarah Cotterill in 2015, it uses the iconic evolutionary image of a creature progressing from ape to upright human and asks respondents to rate, on a slider from zero to one hundred, how evolved different social groups are. The gap between how human respondents rate their own group and how human they rate an out-group is a strikingly direct, robust predictor of hostility, support for coercive policies, and aggression that goes beyond ordinary dislike.