Linganisha mbinu

	Nadharia ya Mistari ya Kungoja katika Utunzaji wa Afya	Lean Healthcare
Nyanja	Usimamizi wa Huduma za Afya	Usimamizi wa Huduma za Afya
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	1909	1988
Mwanzilishi	Agner Krarup Erlang	Taiichi Ohno, Toyota Production System
Aina	Stochastic modeling and optimization technique	Continuous improvement methodology
Chanzo asilia	Erlang, A. K. (1909). The theory of probabilities and telephone conversations. Nyt Tidsskrift for Matematik, 20(B), 33–39.	Ohno, T. (1988). Toyota Production System: Beyond Large-Scale Production. Productivity Press.
Majina mbadala	Healthcare Queuing, Queue Management Healthcare	Lean Healthcare Management, Healthcare Lean
Zinazohusiana	5	5
Muhtasari	Queuing theory is a mathematical discipline that models waiting lines, service capacity, and customer (patient) flow. Developed initially by Agner Erlang for telecommunications in 1909, it has been extensively applied to healthcare to analyze and optimize emergency departments, outpatient clinics, surgical suites, and diagnostic service centers.	Lean is a management philosophy that emerged from the Toyota Production System, focused on maximizing patient value while minimizing waste. Applied to healthcare, Lean uses systematic methods to identify and eliminate non-value-added activities, reduce wait times, and improve the quality of patient care.