Linganisha mbinu
Pitia mbinu ulizochagua bega kwa bega; safu zinazotofautiana zinaangaziwa.
| Sampuli ya Kisistemati ya Uwiano× | Sampuli Iliyowekwa Ngazi× | |
|---|---|---|
| Nyanja | Metodolojia ya Dodoso | Metodolojia ya Dodoso |
| Familia | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Mwaka wa asili≠ | Mid-20th century (formalized ~1950s–1970s) | 1977 |
| Mwanzilishi≠ | Codified in classical survey sampling theory; see Cochran (1977) | William G. Cochran |
| Aina≠ | Probability sampling design | Probability-based survey sampling design |
| Chanzo asilia | Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-0471162407 | Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-0-471-16240-7 |
| Majina mbadala | proportional 1-in-k sampling, equal-probability systematic sampling, proportionate systematic selection, PPS systematic sampling | Proportional Stratified Sampling, Optimal Allocation Sampling, Stratum-Based Sampling, Tabakalı Örnekleme |
| Zinazohusiana≠ | 6 | 2 |
| Muhtasari≠ | Proportional systematic sampling combines systematic (every k-th element) selection with proportional allocation across subgroups, ensuring that each stratum contributes sample units in proportion to its share of the total population. The result is an equal-probability design that is administratively simple, spreads the sample evenly across an ordered frame, and eliminates the need for post-hoc weighting when strata are sampled at a uniform rate. | Stratified sampling is a probability sampling design in which the target population is partitioned into non-overlapping, exhaustive subgroups called strata, and independent probability samples are drawn within each stratum. Formalized by William G. Cochran in Sampling Techniques (1977), the method exploits known population structure to reduce variance and guarantee representativeness of all major subgroups, making it a cornerstone of large-scale survey research and official statistics. |
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